Indian Polity Questions For UPSC, SSC CGL, CHSL, CPO, FCI, Quiz-8

Correct Answer – D. Britain

Explanation:Cabinet system and its collective responsibility is constitutional convention in governments using the Westminster System that members of the Cabinet must publicly support all Governmental decisions made in Cabinet, even if they do not privately agree with them. This support includes voting for the government in the legislature. In the United Kingdom, the doctrine applies to all members of the government, from members of the cabinet down to Parliamentary Private Secretaries.

Correct Answer – C. People take part directly in the policy making and administration of the country.

Explanation:-In general, the term ‘direct democracy’ usually refers to citizens making policy and law decisions in person, without going through representatives and legislatures. Direct democracy is a form of democracy. In which people vote on policy initiatives directly, as opposed to a representative democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives.

Correct Answer – D. the Constitution

Explanation:- Legal sovereignty rep- resents the lawyer’s conception of sovereignty. It is associated with the supreme law-making authority in the state. The body which has the power to issue final commands in the form of laws is the legal sovereign in a state. This power may be vested in one per- son or a body of persons. It may be a king or dictator or parliament. Legal sovereignty is organized and reorganized by constitutional law.

Correct Answer – D. U.S.A.

Explanation:-Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary. It is an example of the separation of powers in a modem governmental system (where the judiciary is one of three branches of government), is one of the main characteristics of government in the Republic of the United States. In the United States, federal and state courts (at all levels, both appellate and trial) are able to review and declare the ‘constitutionality’, or agreement with the Constitution (or lack there- of) of legislation that is relevant to any case properly within their jurisdiction. In American legal language, ‘judicial review’ refers primarily to the adjudication of constitutionality of statutes, especially by the Supreme Court of the United States.

Correct Answer – B. Constitutional Government

Explanation:-Constitutional government is defined by the existence of a constitution—which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity—that effectively controls the exercise of political power. Persons do not call the shots or frame rules in such governments. Everything that is to be governed is dictated by set of rules enshrined in the constitution.

Correct Answer –D. Cabinet Mission plan

Explanation:-The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. The Constituent Assembly was set-up while India was still under British rule, following negotiations between Indian leaders and members of the 1946 Cabinet Mission to India from the United Kingdom.

Correct Answer –C. Act of 1935

Explanation:-The Government of India Act 1935, the voluminous and final constitutional effort at governing British India, articulated three major goals: establishing a loose federal structure, achieving provincial autonomy, and safeguarding minority Interests through separate electorates. The federal provisions, intended to unite princely states and British India at the centre, were not implemented because of ambiguities in safeguarding the existing privileges of princes. In February 1937, however, provincial autonomy became a reality when elections were held.

Correct Answer –D. The Government of India Act, 1935

Explanation:-The most profound influence was exercised by the Government of India Act of 1935. Such features as the federal scheme, office of governor, power of federal judiciary, emergency powers etc were drawn from this Act. The British practice influenced the lawmaking procedures, rule of law system of single citizenship, besides, of course, the model of a parliamentary government. The US Constitution inspired details on the independence of Judiciary, judicial review, fundamental rights, and the removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges. The Irish Constitution was the source of the Directive Principles, method of Presidential elections, and the nomination of members of Rajya Sabha by the President.

Correct Answer –B. A Union of States

Explanation:-With its adoption, the Union of India officially became the modern and contemporary Republic of India and it replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the country’s fundamental governing document. The Constitution declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, assuring its citizens of justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity among them.

Correct Answer –B. Dr Rajendra Prasad

Explanation:-Dr Sachchidananda Sinha was the first president (temporary chairman) of the Constituent Assembly when it met on December 9, 1946. Dr Rajendra Prasad then be- came the President of the Constituent Assembly, and would later become the first President of India.