Central government releases Infant Mortality Rate and Birth rate data for 2018
- Recently, the Central government has released the Sample Registration System (SRS) bulletin based on data collected for 2018.
- This data was released by the Registrar General of India.
- It states that the national birth rate in 2018 stood at 20, and death and infant mortality rates stood at 6.2 and 32, respectively.
- These rates are calculated per one thousand of the population.
INFANT MORTALITY RATE (IMR)
- Mortality is one of the basic components of population change.
- This data is essential for demographic studies and public health administration.
- The death rate of India has witnessed a significant decline over the last four decades from 14.9 in 1971 to 6.2 in 2018. The decline has been steeper in rural areas.
- In the last decade, death rate at an all-India level has declined from 7.3 to 6.2. The corresponding decline in rural areas is 7.8 to 6.7 and in urban areas, 5.8 to 5.1.
- As far as IMR is concerned, the present figure of 32 is about one-fourth as compared to 1971 (129).
- In the last 10 years, IMR has witnessed a decline of about 35 per cent in rural areas and about 32 per cent in urban areas. The IMR at an all-India level has declined from 50 to 32 in the last decade.
- Against the national IMR of 32, Madhya Pradesh has the worst IMR of 48 and Nagaland 4.
BIRTH RATE
- Birth rate is a crude measure of fertility of a population and a crucial determinant of population growth.
- India’s birth rate has declined drastically over the last four decades from 36.9 in 1971 to 20.0 in 2018.
- The rural-urban differential has also narrowed. However, the birth rate has continued to be higher in rural areas compared to urban areas in the last four decades.
- There has been about an 11 per cent decline in birth rate in the last decade, from 22.5 in 2009 to 20.0 in 2018. The corresponding decline in rural areas is 24.1 to 21.6, and in urban areas, it is 18.3 to 16.7.
- Bihar continues to remain at the top of list in birth rate while Andaman and Nicobar is at the bottom.
- The data largely reflects past trends as far as the position of states is concerned with marginal improvements at national level on health indices.
ABOUT SRS
- It is a demographic survey for providing reliable annual estimates of infant mortality rate, birth rate, death rate and other fertility and mortality indicators at the national and sub-national levels.
- Initially, it was done on pilot basis by the Registrar General of India in a few states in 1964-65.
- It became fully operational during 1969-70.
- The field investigation consists of continuous enumeration of births and deaths in selected sample units by resident part-time enumerators, generally anganwadi workers and teachers; and an independent retrospective survey every six months by SRS supervisors.
- The data obtained by these two independent functionaries are matched.
ABOUT Registrar General of India
- Arranging, conducting and analysing the results of the demographic surveys of India including Census of India and Linguistic Survey of India.
- Parent Organization-Ministry of Home Affairs
- Registrar General & Census Commissioner-Vivek Joshi
- HQ– New Delhi
- Union Home Minister– Amit Shah
जीके और दैनिक करेंट अफेयर्स अपडेट हिंदी में प्राप्त करें – क्लिक करें
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