The Times of India Editorial with Vocabulary PDF – November 2018
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The Times of India Editorial with Vocabulary – “The #MeToo Revolution”
It will come to nothing unless our society begins to bring up boys differently. At the very moment when great threats are facing economic globalisation, quite an opposite trend has surfaced in the world of emotion and culture. The extraordinary speed with which the #MeToo movement has spread is a tribute to globalisation. Within a year, societies around the world have become astonishingly comfortable in discussing social and emotional issues which earlier they had swept under a carpet.
In India it has led to the resignation of a minister, the loss of jobs and reputations of many powerful persons. There is a palpable change in the way women are beginning to perceive themselves. Surely, this is a milestone in our country’s history. The question is, how do we sustain this revolution?
Indian women have to thank Donald Trump who embraced a sexual swagger and his red-blooded masculinity alienated enough women in America to start the #MeToo movement. It has now raced to our shores, giving voice to dozens of Indian women, who were routinely groped and belittled. This has unleashed a wave of revulsion against a patriarchal vision of manhood. Some firms have already responded and asked women employees to come forward and speak up.
Yes, a few heads will roll; yes, a few innocent men will become victims in the crossfire; but this movement will come to nothing unless our society begins to learn to bring up boys differently. They will have to learn a different meaning of masculinity and a true understanding of ‘consent’.
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Not long ago the former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, Mulayam Singh Yadav, outraged the nation with his cynical reaction to rape: “Boys will be boys!” he said. To his mind, boys earn their manhood by growing up to became warriors, traders and priests and compete for wealth and power. What matters is to be tough and successful. It did not occur to him that these masculine ambitions were grounded in a secure emotional life with a woman.
It will not be easy to undo patriarchal hierarchy and inequality which is nourished by Manusmriti with a deeply negative view of women’s strisvabhava, ‘biological nature’, that has to be tamed by stridharma, ‘duty to her family and society’. Manu believed that a woman is fickle and innately addicted to sensual enjoyment; so, she must be married off early and guarded closely. Since no man can guard a woman all the time, she must learn to guard herself by controlling her thoughts, feelings and acts. This is why inspiring stories of Sita and Savitri teach her stridharma and condition her to accept a subordinate place in a patriarchal society.
India’s public reckoning with sexual harassment is based on events that occurred a decade ago. Our minister of state, Pon Radhakrishnan, contemptuously called #MeToo a product of perverted (Having behaviour, especially sexual behaviour, to be immoral or unacceptable.) minds and asked, “Why should we worry what we did in class 5?” The answer is that time is neither linear, nor clocklike; it’s not a measure of unchangeable and fixed moments. Marcel Proust, the French writer, explains that the memory of an event can be more real and powerful than the original, confused event. Remembrance takes us back to wellsprings of our being as past memories flow out, triggered by something in the present moment. They are more real than the toast we ate at breakfast this morning.
This is why we must not devalue the stories of women in the #MeToo movement just because the events happened years ago. It is for this reason that Justice Manohar, one of the authors of the landmark judgment governing behaviour in the workplace, has said that the Vishakha guidelines must incorporate (To include something as part of something larger.) incidents from the past.
#MeToo is not a men vs women issue. The last US election showed that women are not a monolith. More than half of white women voted for Donald Trump. By contrast more than 90% of black women, more than two-thirds of Hispanic women, and most Asian American women voted for Hillary Clinton. The lesson from America is for India’s young women to get politically involved. In America, the Pew Report states that a third of women have attended a political event or protest since the 2016 election. A record number of women (476) have filed to run for the House of Representatives. The more politics is infused with visible female role models in India, the more adolescent girls will display a sense of moral clarity.
We are just emerging from the nine day Navaratra festival, where the goddess Durga ultimately kills Mahishasura, who symbolises the forces of ignorance. As Ira Trivedi reminds us, #MeToo is also symbolic of that victory. The battle for justice for women is just beginning and there is a long road ahead. It is to Narendra Modi’s credit that he understood that the root cause of the problem lay in the way we bring up boys. In his Independence Day address a few years ago, he asked parents, why do we worry only about our daughters coming home late at night and not our sons?
Boys need to be taught many things early, including the boundary around a woman’s personal space that cannot be violated without permission. This will go a long way to create a better, safer working environment for women, which in turn will help our economy by improving one of the lowest women: men ratios in the world workplace. Meanwhile, let us salute both the women who have courageously come forward and the Supreme Court for its recent landmark judgments on privacy, triple talaq, decriminalising homosexuality and adultery – all these together constitute India’s age of enlightenment.
Vocabulary Words from The Times of India Editorial
1. Palpable(adj) स्पर्शनीय/ स्पष्टगोचर/ प्रत्यक्ष/ सुस्पष्ट : Obvious or intense and easily noticed. (capable of being touched; tangible)
Synonyms: Perceptible, Discernible, Tangible, Detectable
Antonyms: Imperceptible, Indistinguishable, Undetectable
Example: There is definitely a more palpable feeling of modernity.
2. Swagger(noun) अकड़ कर चलना/ डींग हांकना/ बडबड़ाना: A very confident and arrogant or self-important gait or manner. (to walk or behave in an arrogant manner)
Synonyms: Boastfulness, Arrogance, Ostentation, Bumptiousness
Antonyms: Humility, Modesty, Humbleness
Example: She was literally effortless the way she could bang on an outfit and just swagger about.
3. Alienate(noun) हस्तांतरित करना/ पराया करना : Make (someone) feel isolated or estranged. (If you alienate someone, you make them become unfriendly or unsympathetic towards you.)
Synonyms: Estrange, Separate, Sever, Distance
Antonyms: Unite, Join, Reconcile, Combine
Example: He’s been a good customer for a long time, and I have no wish to alienate him.
4. Perverted(adj) विकृत/ बिगाड़ा हुआ/ भ्रष्ट : (of a person or their actions) characterized by sexually abnormal and unacceptable practices or tendencies.
Synonyms: Corrupt, Abnormal, Debased, Debauched, Decadent
Antonyms: Ethical, Principled, Virtuous
Example: She probably thinks I’m some perverted guy who found her and took advantage of her.
5. Incorporate(verb) सम्मिलित करना/ शामिल करना: To include something as part of something larger. (formed into or constituted as a corporation)
Synonyms: Amalgamate, Include, Subsume, Assimilate, Integrate
Antonyms: Separate, Exclude, Unmix, Disjoin
Example: I’m going to incorporate a boatyard in the development plan.
6. Revulsion(noun) शत्रुता/ घृणा : A sudden and unpleasant violent reaction in feeling, esp one of extreme loathing
Synonyms: Disgust, Repulsion, Abhorrence, Repugnance, Detestation
Antonyms: Fondness, Liking, Fascination, Enticement
Example: She tried to imagine, but couldn’t because of the tug-of-war of revulsion and curiosity going on inside her
7. Cynical(adj) कुटिल/ निंदक : Believing that people are only interested in themselves and are not trustful of others. (If you describe someone as cynical, you mean they believe that people always act selfishly.)
Synonyms: Pessimistic, Sceptical, Sardonic, Distrustful
Antonyms: Optimistic, Trusting, Believing
Example: The only benefit of being cynical is that you can surround yourself with other cynical people
8. Fickle(adj) चंचल/ अस्थिर : Changing frequently, especially as regards one’s loyalties, interests, or affection.
Synonyms: Capricious, Fluctuating, Mercurial, Unpredictable
Antonyms: Steadfast, Staunch, Immutable, Resolute
Example: Gold is a fickle investment and notoriously difficult to value.
9. Innately(adverb) स्वाभाविक तौर पर / सहज रूप से : As an inborn characteristic. (being an essential part of the character of a person or thing)
Synonyms: Naturally, Inherently, Intrinsically, Congenitally
Antonyms: Unnaturally, Artificially
Example: Any man who moved with his innate coordination was bound to be good with his hands..
10. Heads will roll(idiom) गंभीर रूप से दंडित करना : Someone will be severely punished. If you say that heads will roll as a result of something bad that has happened, you mean that people will be punished for it, especially by losing their jobs.
Synonyms: Castigate, Chastise, Reprimand, Upbraid
Antonyms: Pardon, Exonerate, Forgive
Example: Heads will roll when the principal sees the damaged classroom.
Word of the Day – “Lurid”
- Lurid (adjective) भयंकर, अन्धकारमय, सनसनीखेज, विवर्ण, फीका, डरावना, भयंकर, कराल, धुंधला, सनसनीदार.
- Meaning:- If you say that something is lurid, you are critical of it because it involves a lot of violence, sex, or shocking detail.
- Synonyms: bright, brilliant, vivid, glaring, shocking, fluorescent, sensational, sensationalist, exaggerated.
- Antonym: Delightful, pleasant, humble.
- Example: He is suing the newspaper over lurid allegations about his private life in a series of articles.
- उदाहरण: लेखों की एक श्रृंखला में अपने निजी जीवन के बारे में सनसनीखेज आरोपों के लिए वह समाचार पत्र के विरुद्ध मुकदमा दायर कर रहा है।
Quote of the Day
“As I see it, every day you do one of two things: build health or produce disease in yourself. ” Adelle
“मेरे विचार से आप प्रतिदिन दो में से कोई एक काम करते हैं: स्वास्थ्य वर्धन करना या अपने शरीर में रोग पैदा करना।” एडेल्लेय
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