The Times of India Editorial with Vocabulary PDF – November 2018
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The Times of India Editorial with Vocabulary – “Because Hunger is Increasing”
Focus on top 19 SDG targets instead of thinly spreading funds among all 169. Three years have passed since world leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with 169 targets that must be reached to transform the planet. We are one-fifth of our way towards 2030, but miles behind on achieving the lofty goals to reduce poverty, increase prosperity, protect the planet and advance peace.
There are worrying signs that the number of extremely poor people in the world – which has long been dropping – may stop falling and might even start rising. And after years of decline, hunger is increasing – with observers linking this to regional conflicts and climate change. Of most concern: the world’s development agenda, based around the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is not fit for purpose.
The development agenda is flawed because it is the inevitable result of trying to be all things to all people. The highly successful Millennium Development Goals which preceded SDGs were short and sharp – and made a huge difference to global progress – yet were criticised for having been non-inclusive.
In response, the UN laudably invited a long list of players to create SDGs – but then failed to prioritise the Agenda to make it manageable and implementable.
Thus, vitally important targets – such as the eradication of all forms of malnutrition, and getting more boys and girls into school – are devalued by being placed on an equal footing with targets as peripheral andvague as promoting “sustainable tourism”, ensuring that people are informed about how to have “lifestyles in harmony with nature”, and creating more green spaces for “women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities”.
Faced with the impossibly long list, in three years only two countries – India and Germany – have made even a partial assessment of how much investment is required for the goals. The Agenda is woefullyunderfunded – one estimate shows $2.5 trillion more needed each year. Even if we spent all of the world’s development funding it would only get us 5% of the way. We really have to prioritise what we want first.
This was clear even when SDGs were being created. My thinktank, Copenhagen Consensus Center, analysed SDG targets in real time as they were drafted, and enlisted a panel of Nobel laureate economists to identify the most and least effective. Their findings make it clear what needs to be done. If we want to get out in front of increasing hunger, then we need to tackle the problem effectively.
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Climate and peacekeeping policies are expensive and complex, and at best do very little to solve problems like hunger, even in relatively long time frames. Yet, cheap investments can be made in fixing micronutrient deficiencies in children, helping immensely and right now.
Investing an extra $8 billion annually in agricultural R&D would increase yields globally, generating more food at lower cost. It could save 79 million people from hunger and prevent 5 million cases of child malnourishment, with each dollar producing $35 of social benefits.
This has the added effect of helping the world’s poorest: the World Bank has found that productivity growth in agriculture can be up to four times more effective in reducing poverty than growth from other sectors.
Poverty has a simple solution: As in China, free trade can lift hundreds of millions out of poverty. Although Trump makes it harder, we have been dithering for much longer. We must revive the WTO’s Doha Round, which would lift 145 million people out of poverty by 2030. It could make the average person in the developing world $1,000 better off every year – allowing them to not only better feed themselves and their children, but also afford better health care, more education and lead more prosperous lives.
Improved agricultural yields and freer trade are two of 19 concrete, specific development targets that the Nobels identified to do the most, for every dollar invested, to help the world’s poorest, protect the environment, and improve billions of lives. Others include achieving universal access to contraception and family planning, ending tuberculosis by 2030, ending fossil fuel subsidies, and protecting coral reefs. Focussing on these top 19 targets would achieve about four times more benefits than just thinly spreading funds among all 169 targets.
Because the UN didn’t prioritise when it created the SDGs, nations are making those choices themselves. The biggest risk is that their selection will not be based on which targets could do the most good, but on far more capricious measures such as which targets have more media-friendly images or the most NGO attention. There are some worrying signs.
A preliminary analysis by the OECD shows that rich nations are closest to reaching targets related to ‘Planet and Partnership’ – in other words, issues like climate, biodiversity and oceans. These are issues that fill a lot of column inches in newspapers, and are focussed on by the chattering classes. But global polls consistently show that people care much more about the areas where these countries are lagging behind: the economy, jobs and education, and peace. Three years into the implementation of the 2030 Development Agenda, it is clear that we are trying to do too much – and failing to do enough that matters.
Vocabulary Words from The Times of India Editorial
1.Inevitable(adj) अनिवार्य/ अटल/ जो टल न सके: If something is inevitable, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided.
Synonyms: Unavoidable, Inescapable, Ineluctable; Ineludible
Antonyms: Avoidable, Uncertain, Evadable, Unsure
Example: Everything that happens is inevitable and yet comes as a surprise.
2.Lofty(adj) बुलंद/ ऊंचा : Extending to a great distance upward. (A lofty ideal or ambition is noble, important, and admirable.)
Synonyms: Altitudinous, High, Tall, Towering
Antonyms: Short, Lowly, Squat, Stumpy
Example: He is not the only one with such lofty ambitions.
3.Eradication(noun) उन्मूलन/ निवारण/ बरबादी/ मिटाना : The complete destruction of something. (To eradicate something means to get rid of it completely.)
Synonyms: Extermination ,Obliteration, Liquidation, Decimation
Antonyms: Protection, Preservation, Restoration
Example : She sat through the days, one much like the next, filled with memories she couldn’t eradicate.
4.Capricious(adj) मनमौजी/ सनकी/ मचला/ चंचल : Often changing suddenly in mood or behaviour. (Someone who is capricious often changes their mind unexpectedly.)
Synonyms: Fickle, Mercurial, Whimsical, Unpredictable
Antonyms: Changeless, Constant, Immutable, Invariable,
Example: Such capricious investing behaviour often ends in tears.
5.Vague(adj) अस्पष्ट/ नासाफ/ अनिश्चित : Not seen or understood clearly. (If something written or spoken is vague, it does not explain or express things clearly.)
Synonyms: Nebulous, Ambiguous, Indistinct, Obscure
Antonyms: Clear, Definite, Pellucid
Example: Physical and mental energy return so you turn vague ideas into bold action.
6.Dither(adj) तड़पना/ घबराहट/ दुविधा में होना: To be unable to make a decision about doing something: (When someone dithers, they hesitate because they are unable to make a quick decision about something.)
Synonyms: Hesitate, Falter, Teeter, Vacillate
Antonyms: Aplomb, Composure, Equanimity, Imperturbability
Example: ‘It is time the Government ended the dither and delay,’ Mr R.R. Rajan said.
7. Contraception(noun) गर्भनिरोध : Deliberate prevention of conception or impregnation. (Contraception refers to methods of preventing pregnancy.)
Synonyms: Abstinence, Abortion , Safety, Vasectomy
Example: Pills is one of the most famous methods of contraception.
8. Peripheral(adj) परिधीय/ घेरे का/ अमुख्य/ सतही : Relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something. (A peripheral activity or issue is one which is not very important compared with other activities or issues.)
Synonyms: Marginal, Tangential, Outlying, Superficial
Antonyms: Central , Innermost
Example: A decade ago, NGOs were fairly peripheral to major international diplomacy.
9. Woefully(adverb) बुरी तरह/ उदासी से/ खेदजनक ढंग से : In a manner expressing sorrow or misery. (You can use woeful to emphasize that something is very bad or undesirable.
Synonyms: Deplorably, Lamentably, Dolefully, Mournfully
Antonyms: Blissfully, Cheerfully, Gaily
Example: The woeful lack of funding for troops has been an all too familiar theme.
10. Immensely(adverb) अधिकता से/ बेहद/ अत्यन्त/ विशालता : To a great extent. (You use immensely to emphasize the degree or extent of a quality, feeling, or process.)
Synonyms: Extremely, Remarkably, Intensely, Acutely,
Antonyms: Slightly, Negligibly, Nominally, Somewhat
Example: This was immensely popular with the audience and left a lasting impression.
Word of the Day – “Lampoon”
- Lampoon (Noun) व्यंग्य करना, आक्षेप, निन्दा, निन्दा-लेख, निन्दा-रचना, अवगीत, हंसी उड़ाना
- Meaning:- If you lampoon someone or something, you criticize them very strongly, using humorous means.
- Synonyms: Satire, Burlesque, Parody, Skit, Caricature, Impersonation, Travesty, Mockery.
- Antonym: Delightful, flattery, praise.
- Example: It is clear that some audiences do enjoy hearing things that lampoon silly people.
- उदाहरण: यह स्पष्ट है कि कुछ दर्शक उन बातों को सुनना पसंद करते हैं जिनमें मूर्ख व्यक्तियों पर व्यंग्य किया जाता है।
Quote of the Day
“In order to succeed you must fail, so that you know what not to do the next time.” Anthony J. D’Angelo
“सफल होने के लिए आपको असफलता का स्वाद अवश्य चखना चाहिए, ताकि आपको यह पता चल सके कि अगली बार क्या नहीं करना है।” एंथनी जे. डीएंजेलो
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